The Bijou / Electric Theatre

227 Church St. | map |

Opening: Around 1907 as the Bijou. It's in the 1908 city directory with that name but doesn't appear in the 1907 edition. The building is on the east side of the street just south of Market.

Seating: 260

It's in Henry's 1907-08 Official Western Theatrical Guide as the Bijou with an address of 231 Church St. An S. Kubey was managing the venue. The publication is on Google Books. 
 
Art Siegel located a PDF from from the State of California Department of Parks and Recreation showing their "Primary Record" about the location. The document was initiated in 1956 and updated in 1973. Some [rearranged] comments from it: 
 
"227 Church St. is located on a 25’ x 125’ lot on the east side of Church Street, between Market and 15th Streets. Built in 1907, 227 Church Street is a one-story plus mezzanine, wood frame commercial building, originally built as a Nickelodeon. 
 
"According to building permits, 227 Church Street was constructed... for an estimated cost of $2,500. The building was part of a pattern of commercial development along Church Street around the turn of the century.... The building was first used as a popular nickelodeon movie theatre called the Electric Theatre... 
 
"In 1908, a cantilevered awning [marquee?] was added to the front of the building. The front doors were replaced and interior partitions were removed in 1910... [It] was enlarged in 1915 by architect Edward E. Young to increase the seating capacity to 350 patrons. In 1915, a 30’ wood-frame addition with a concrete foundation was constructed at the rear of the building."

Slight discrepancy: the first theatre use was as a venue called the Bijou.
 
 

"... clean amusement and healthy recreation... at the lowest price on earth." This advertorial piece appeared in a May 1, 1909 S.F. Bulletin three-page salute to "San Francisco's High-Class Moving-Picture Theatres," part of their Pacific Progress Issue. Thanks to Art Siegel for locating it.

The Bijou was one of 30 theatres advertising in the section, which also included the long-winded articles "Education on Wheels - The Nickelodeon a Factor in Modern Civilization," "The Nickelodeon a Permanent Factor in Public Amusement" and "The 5-Cent Theater Opens Wide the Door of Pleasure to the Scanty Purse."  See the full pages of the section, which you can download and enlarge: page 36 | page 37 | page 38 |

Beginning in 1911 the theatre was called the Electric
 
 
 

The Electric was listed as being among theatres that were participating in a May 11, 1911 benefit for Children's Hospital in this article from the May 27 issue of The Film Index. Thanks to Jack Tillmany for locating this list via Internet Archive.

 

The Electric appears in this detail from a page of the 1914 Sanborn Fire Insurance Map. Thanks to Art Siegel for locating this in the Library of Congress collection. Note a second theatre two doors to the south. See our page about the theatre at 237-241 Church St. The angled street at the top is Market. The horizontal one in the upper right is 14th.
 
 

The Electric is listed in this April 9, 1916 Hearst-Vitagraph ad from the Jack Tillmany collection.
 
Closing: c.1917. Jack Tillmany reports that its last city directory listing was in the June 1916 edition and the theatre was still in operation in December 1916.    
 
 
 

Both the Electric (#34) and the second nickelodeon two doors down the street (#33a) were vacant when this Sanborn Fire Insurance Map was annotated in 1919. Thanks to Art Sirgel for locating a PDF of this on some Amazon server.    
 
 

Some of the 1919 notes for the annotated map page.

Art Siegel notes that it was later used by a succession of print shops. The PDF from the State of California Department of Parks and Recreation's "Primary Record" about the location notes: 

"The rectangular-plan building, clad in wood shiplap siding and ceramic tile, is capped by a flat roof. The foundation is not visible from the street. The primary façade faces west and is three bays wide. The first story is clad in glazed ceramic tile and contains metal-frame plate glass picture windows in the outer bays and a recessed entrance in the center bay. 
 
"The entrance features double-leaf, aluminum frame glazed doors with transoms. Small vestiges of cornice remain at each end of the first story level. The mezzanine story... features a centered neon box sign with the business name. The primary façade terminates in a reeded cornice.

"In 1953, the foundation was reinforced, and in 1958, the floor in the original portion of the building was lowered two feet to be level with the concrete floor of the rear addition. In 1962, the entire concrete floor was repaired, as was dry-rot with new moisture-proofed wood. The primary façade appears to have been re-clad, and the storefront windows also appear to have been replaced. 

"In the 1950s, the building was used as a printing shop. San Francisco City Directories and building permits list a number of different printing companies at the address, including Sierra Press in 1954, Argonaut Printing Co. in 1958, Poor Richard’s Press Printers in 1960, and Waller Press in 1962. Subsequent tenants included a restaurant supply company and a drapery store... 

"The building appears to be in good condition. 227 Church Street retains integrity of location and setting, remaining part of the commercial corridor of Church Street in the Castro neighborhood. The property also retains a fair degree of integrity of design, materials, and workmanship, as the alterations to the façade are superficial and could be removed to reveal the near-original condition of the building.

"The interior features a high degree of integrity as one of the finer surviving examples of an early nickelodeon in San Francisco. As is typical of nickelodeons, the interior features a large space that was used as an auditorium. The ceiling is coved and clad in pressed tin, and the front of the building includes a large barrel-vaulted space over the entry that may have originally functioned as a portion of the projection room. Portions of the original façade are also visible from the interior, including the arch of electric light sockets that gave the Electric Theatre its name. 

"While alterations have compromised the building’s integrity of feeling, restoration of the façade would reverse that loss to some extent and improve the building’s overall integrity as an example of an early twentieth century nickelodeon. However, because the building has undergone changes in use, it no longer retains integrity of association with the movie theatre context..."

Status: For years the building housed Aardvark Books but they closed in January 2019. As of 2023 the building was still vacant. 
 
 
Interior views: 


Looking in from the street. Photo: Google Maps - 2010



The pressed tin ceiling. Photo: Andra Young - 2016



Looking back toward the street. Photo: Google Maps - 2010



Part of the ceiling near the entrance. Note the different ceiling material for the entrance area vs. what had been the auditorium. Photo: Google Maps - 2010



A ceiling detail. Photo: Andra Young - 2016



The nickelodeon-style entrance arch. Note the light bulb sockets still in place. Photo: Andra Young - 2016
 
 

Packing up the bookstore in 2019. Thanks to Donald Harvey for sharing his photo. 
 
 
More exterior views:  

 
The theatre repurposed as the Municipal Market with the entrance arch of the original facade filled in. It's a detail from a September 1946 shot taken by Municipal Railway photographer George Fanning that's in the SFMTA Photo Archive, their #D5139. We're looking south from Market St. Thanks to Art Siegel for locating this.  
 
 

The full 1946 SFMTA photo. 
 


A 1947 photo by Tom Gray. We're looking north toward Market St. Thanks to Art Siegel for locating this in the Open SF History Project collection. 
 
 

A detail that Art extracted from the 1947 Tom Gray photo. Note the light bulbs along the cornica at the top of the facade.



A 1951 photo from the Open SF History Project website. Thanks to Art Siegel for locating it. 
 
 

A detail that Art extracted from the 1951 photo. 
 

 A 2010 view of the remodeled facade. Image: Google Maps

 

A 2016 facade detail. Thanks to Andra Young for this shot and her other photos appearing on this page.  They were included in a post for the San Francisco Remembered Facebook group.

More information: Jack Tillmany notes that at at the time this theatre was running as the Electric there were at least four other San Francisco theatres using the name: 

- 1326 Fillmore St. - running 1908 until 1911 - see Electric Theatre
- 2134 Sutter St. - running in 1908
- 1930 Union St. - running from 1908 to 1916
- 3261 Mission St. - running from 1911 to 1916, maybe later - see Electric Theatre

Jack's Arcadia Publishing book "Theatres of San Francisco" can be previewed on Google Books. It's available from Amazon or your local bookseller.  

The Electric gets a page on Cinema Treasures with a nice photo, but it's of the Electric on Fillmore St. 
 
See our page about 237-241 Church St., another nickelodeon two doors south of the Electric. 

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